Latejami: Difference between revisions

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'''Latejami''' ([ləˈtʰeɪ̯d͡ʒəmi]; natively [laˈted͡ʒami]{{ref|a}} 'speech-system') is an engineered language intended as a speakable [[machine-translation interlanguage]]. It was developed by Rick Morneau in his 1995 paper ''The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua''.
'''Latejami''' (natively [laˈted͡ʒami]; 'speech-system')<ref>Stress placement in Latejami depends on word-internal syntax. Here stress goes on the syllable ''te'' because ''te'' is a Modifier morpheme.</ref> is an engineered language intended as a speakable [[machine-translation interlanguage]]. It was developed by Rick Morneau in his 1995 paper ''The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua'', and developed over a number of years under different names, including '''Nasendi''', '''Katanda''', '''Ladekwa''' and '''Latenkwa'''.


== Background ==
= Background =


=== Name ===
== History ==


==== Previous names ====
== Aims ==


=== Author ===
= Design =


=== Aims ===
== Phonology and orthography ==


=== History ===
Latejami has 26 phonemes: 21 consonants and five vowels.


=== Influences ===
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|+ Consonant phonemes
!
! scope=col | Labial
! scope=col | Alveolar
! scope=col | Palatal
! scope=col | Velar
! scope=col | Glottal
|-
! scope=row | Plosive
| p&emsp;b || t&emsp;d || t͡ʃ&emsp;d͡ʒ || k&emsp;g ||
|-
! scope=row | Fricative
| f&emsp;v || s&emsp;z || ʃ&emsp;ʒ || colspan="2" | h~ʔ~x
|-
! scope=row | Nasal
| m ||  || n ||  ||
|-
! scope=row | Lateral
| ||  || l || ||
|-
! scope=row | Rhotic
| ||  || r || ||
|-
! scope=row | Semivowel
| w ||  ||  || j ||
|}


== Design ==
/r/ may be realized as any rhotic, and /h/ may be realized "as a glottal stop or as any unvoiced velar, uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal fricative."


=== Phonology ===
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|+ Vowel phonemes
|-
!
! scope=col | Front
! scope=col | Central
! scope=col | Back
|-
! scope=row | Close
| i ||  || u
|-
! scope=row | Mid
| e
|
| o
|-
! scope=row | Open
| colspan=3 | a
|}


==== Phonemic inventory and orthography ====
Three phonetic diphthongs are present: /aj aw oj/. They are treated as vowel-semivowel sequences and spelled ⟨ay aw oy⟩.


==== Syllable structure ====
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|+ The Latejami alphabet
|-
! Grapheme
| a || b || style="background-color: #fcc" | c || d || e || f || g || style="background-color: #fcc" | h
| i || style="background-color: #fcc" | j || k || l || m || n || o || p || style="background-color: #fcc" | q
| r || s || t || u || v || w || style="background-color: #fcc" | x || style="background-color: #fcc" | y || z
|-
! Phoneme
| a || b || style="background-color: #fcc" | t͡ʃ || d || e || f || g || style="background-color: #fcc" | h~ʔ~x
| i || style="background-color: #fcc" | d͡ʒ || k || l || m || n || o || p || style="background-color: #fcc" | ʒ
| r || s || t || u || v || w || style="background-color: #fcc" | ʃ || style="background-color: #fcc" | j || z
|}


==== Stress ====
''(Differences from the IPA are highlighted.)''


=== Morphology ===
== Morphology ==


==== Agglutination ====
=== Morpheme classes ===


==== Morpheme classes ====
=== Word structure ===


==== Word-structure requirements ====
=== Proper names, etc. ===


==== Proper names, etc. ====
== Syntax ==


=== Syntax ===
== Semantics ==


=== Semantics ===
=== Verbs ===


==== Verbs ====
=== Nouns ===


===== State and action verbs =====
=== Case tags ===


===== Grammatical voice =====
=== Case-role semantics ===


===== Causation =====
=== Modifiers ===


===== Focus =====
=== Tense, aspect and modality ===


==== Nouns ====
=== Anaphora ===


===== Noun classes =====
=== Abstract relationships ===


==== Case tags ====
=== Literalness and metaphor ===


===== Case-role semantics =====
== Lexicon ==


===== Primary and secondary case roles =====
= Samples =


==== Modifiers ====
= Notes =
<references />


==== Polarity ====
= References =
 
Morneau, R. 2007. ''The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua.'' Accessed from http://www.rickmor.x10.mx/lexical_semantics.html (19 June 2021).
==== Deixis ====
 
==== Articles ====
 
==== Comparatives ====
 
==== Tense and aspect ====
 
==== Modality ====
 
==== Anaphora ====
 
==== Relative clauses ====
 
==== Interrogatives ====
 
==== Abstract relationships ====
 
==== Conjunctions ====
 
==== Topicalization ====
 
==== Literalness and metaphor ====
 
=== Lexicon ===
 
== Reception ==
 
== Samples ==
 
== Notes ==
:1.{{note|a}}Stress placement in Latejami depends on word-internal syntax. Here stress goes on the syllable ''te'' because ''te'' is a 'modifier' morpheme. See {{Section:Stress}}.
 
== References ==
http://www.rickmor.x10.mx/lexical_semantics.html


[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]

Latest revision as of 19:01, 19 June 2021

This article is a stub. Please help us by contributing content!

Template:Engineered language

Latejami (natively [laˈted͡ʒami]; 'speech-system')[1] is an engineered language intended as a speakable machine-translation interlanguage. It was developed by Rick Morneau in his 1995 paper The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua, and developed over a number of years under different names, including Nasendi, Katanda, Ladekwa and Latenkwa.

Background

History

Aims

Design

Phonology and orthography

Latejami has 26 phonemes: 21 consonants and five vowels.

Consonant phonemes
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive p b t d t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g
Fricative f v s z ʃ ʒ h~ʔ~x
Nasal m n
Lateral l
Rhotic r
Semivowel w j

/r/ may be realized as any rhotic, and /h/ may be realized "as a glottal stop or as any unvoiced velar, uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal fricative."

Vowel phonemes
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e o
Open a

Three phonetic diphthongs are present: /aj aw oj/. They are treated as vowel-semivowel sequences and spelled ⟨ay aw oy⟩.

The Latejami alphabet
Grapheme a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
Phoneme a b t͡ʃ d e f g h~ʔ~x i d͡ʒ k l m n o p ʒ r s t u v w ʃ j z

(Differences from the IPA are highlighted.)

Morphology

Morpheme classes

Word structure

Proper names, etc.

Syntax

Semantics

Verbs

Nouns

Case tags

Case-role semantics

Modifiers

Tense, aspect and modality

Anaphora

Abstract relationships

Literalness and metaphor

Lexicon

Samples

Notes

  1. ↑ Stress placement in Latejami depends on word-internal syntax. Here stress goes on the syllable te because te is a Modifier morpheme.

References

Morneau, R. 2007. The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua. Accessed from http://www.rickmor.x10.mx/lexical_semantics.html (19 June 2021).

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