Latejami: Difference between revisions
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'''Latejami''' ( | '''Latejami''' (natively [laˈted͡ʒami]; 'speech-system')<ref>Stress placement in Latejami depends on word-internal syntax. Here stress goes on the syllable ''te'' because ''te'' is a Modifier morpheme.</ref> is an engineered language intended as a speakable [[machine-translation interlanguage]]. It was developed by Rick Morneau in his 1995 paper ''The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua'', and developed over a number of years under different names, including '''Nasendi''', '''Katanda''', '''Ladekwa''' and '''Latenkwa'''. | ||
= Background = | |||
== | == History == | ||
== | == Aims == | ||
= | = Design = | ||
== | == Phonology and orthography == | ||
Latejami has 26 phonemes: 21 consonants and five vowels. | |||
=== | {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Consonant phonemes | |||
! | |||
! scope=col | Labial | |||
! scope=col | Alveolar | |||
! scope=col | Palatal | |||
! scope=col | Velar | |||
! scope=col | Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Plosive | |||
| p b || t d || t͡ʃ d͡ʒ || k g || | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Fricative | |||
| f v || s z || ʃ ʒ || colspan="2" | h~ʔ~x | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Nasal | |||
| m || || n || || | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Lateral | |||
| || || l || || | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Rhotic | |||
| || || r || || | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Semivowel | |||
| w || || || j || | |||
|} | |||
/r/ may be realized as any rhotic, and /h/ may be realized "as a glottal stop or as any unvoiced velar, uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal fricative." | |||
== | {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Vowel phonemes | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! scope=col | Front | |||
! scope=col | Central | |||
! scope=col | Back | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Close | |||
| i || || u | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Mid | |||
| e | |||
| | |||
| o | |||
|- | |||
! scope=row | Open | |||
| colspan=3 | a | |||
|} | |||
Three phonetic diphthongs are present: /aj aw oj/. They are treated as vowel-semivowel sequences and spelled ⟨ay aw oy⟩. | |||
==== | {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | ||
|+ The Latejami alphabet | |||
|- | |||
! Grapheme | |||
| a || b || style="background-color: #fcc" | c || d || e || f || g || style="background-color: #fcc" | h | |||
| i || style="background-color: #fcc" | j || k || l || m || n || o || p || style="background-color: #fcc" | q | |||
| r || s || t || u || v || w || style="background-color: #fcc" | x || style="background-color: #fcc" | y || z | |||
|- | |||
! Phoneme | |||
| a || b || style="background-color: #fcc" | t͡ʃ || d || e || f || g || style="background-color: #fcc" | h~ʔ~x | |||
| i || style="background-color: #fcc" | d͡ʒ || k || l || m || n || o || p || style="background-color: #fcc" | ʒ | |||
| r || s || t || u || v || w || style="background-color: #fcc" | ʃ || style="background-color: #fcc" | j || z | |||
|} | |||
''(Differences from the IPA are highlighted.)'' | |||
== | == Morphology == | ||
=== | === Morpheme classes === | ||
=== | === Word structure === | ||
=== | === Proper names, etc. === | ||
== | == Syntax == | ||
== | == Semantics == | ||
=== | === Verbs === | ||
=== | === Nouns === | ||
=== | === Case tags === | ||
=== | === Case-role semantics === | ||
=== | === Modifiers === | ||
=== | === Tense, aspect and modality === | ||
=== | === Anaphora === | ||
=== | === Abstract relationships === | ||
=== | === Literalness and metaphor === | ||
== | == Lexicon == | ||
= | = Samples = | ||
== | = Notes = | ||
<references /> | |||
= | = References = | ||
Morneau, R. 2007. ''The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua.'' Accessed from http://www.rickmor.x10.mx/lexical_semantics.html (19 June 2021). | |||
http://www.rickmor.x10.mx/lexical_semantics.html | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] |
Latest revision as of 19:01, 19 June 2021
This article is a stub. Please help us by contributing content!
Latejami (natively [laˈted͡ʒami]; 'speech-system')[1] is an engineered language intended as a speakable machine-translation interlanguage. It was developed by Rick Morneau in his 1995 paper The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua, and developed over a number of years under different names, including Nasendi, Katanda, Ladekwa and Latenkwa.
Background
History
Aims
Design
Phonology and orthography
Latejami has 26 phonemes: 21 consonants and five vowels.
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t d | t͡ʃ d͡ʒ | k g | |
Fricative | f v | s z | ʃ ʒ | h~ʔ~x | |
Nasal | m | n | |||
Lateral | l | ||||
Rhotic | r | ||||
Semivowel | w | j |
/r/ may be realized as any rhotic, and /h/ may be realized "as a glottal stop or as any unvoiced velar, uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal fricative."
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | e | o | |
Open | a |
Three phonetic diphthongs are present: /aj aw oj/. They are treated as vowel-semivowel sequences and spelled ⟨ay aw oy⟩.
Grapheme | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phoneme | a | b | t͡ʃ | d | e | f | g | h~ʔ~x | i | d͡ʒ | k | l | m | n | o | p | ʒ | r | s | t | u | v | w | ʃ | j | z |
(Differences from the IPA are highlighted.)
Morphology
Morpheme classes
Word structure
Proper names, etc.
Syntax
Semantics
Verbs
Nouns
Case tags
Case-role semantics
Modifiers
Tense, aspect and modality
Anaphora
Abstract relationships
Literalness and metaphor
Lexicon
Samples
Notes
- ↑ Stress placement in Latejami depends on word-internal syntax. Here stress goes on the syllable te because te is a Modifier morpheme.
References
Morneau, R. 2007. The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua. Accessed from http://www.rickmor.x10.mx/lexical_semantics.html (19 June 2021).